It is
interesting to take a look back to see how communities handled the transition into the "Great Recession" - from the booming mid-2000's to today. The following information is based on a study analyzing the budget behaviors
of 125 homeowner associations / condominiums located in 13 counties and 40
cities scattered throughout the Atlanta metro area.
While nearly
every community did see a rise in delinquencies over the last four years, those
communities that invested more funds in their communities through higher annual
operating budgets saw the lowest delinquency increases:
·
Those
consistently increasing the budget by 10% or more had delinquencies rise by 5%
or less, with an average March 2012 delinquency rate of 10% or less.
·
Those
who chose to freeze all budget increases experienced an average 7%
increase, with the final March 2012 rate at 14% or higher.
·
For
those who chose to slash their budgets, final March 2012 rates ended at 17% or
more, in some cases going over 40% of the community not making payments.
· Lowering
dues did not encourage delinquent owners to pay, and the loss of services or
deferring maintenance actually increased the number of individuals choosing not
to pay.
· Legal
collections expense as a percent of total budget, when at least 5%, had the
most impact on delinquency rates. Those
communities that chose to spend very little in collections suffered huge
delinquencies increases, jumping up 15% points or more from levels in
2007. This makes sense, as homeowners sitting
on the fence of whether or not to pay assessments were looking to see how
serious the Board was in pursuing collections.
The average
annual operating budget numbers reveal the story behind Board-planning
behaviors, displaying on one or more of the following attitudes:
Pie-in-the-Sky – acting as if in a perfect world, with no contingencies, a belief in
100% collections, and a neighborhood that required little upkeep to make it “#
1” in the eyes of potential purchasers.
Counting
Your Chickens – projecting
revenue streams from unreliable revenue sources, such as rentals, attorney
fees, interest income, fines, etc.
Squeeze ‘em
‘till they Bleed – deliberately
choosing to play hard ball with the community to artificially increase fines
income, or hiking rental or utility rates.
Shell
Game – similar to the one above, the
Board reallocates revenue streams to mask the need for an increase in the
standard operating assessments, and pads shortfalls from money set aside for
capital repairs, setting up the community for a major special assessment in
future years.
Don't
look behind the Curtain – imposing
charges not authorized or supported in the governing documents, such as
transfer or initiation fees.
Save Us,
Super Developer! – the
community relies on developer subsidies, resulting in artificially reduced
assessments for several years, rather than building up a capital reserve fund.
Steady as
She Goes – a Titanic mentality of having
the band play while the boat slowly sinks, with the Board refusing to raise
rates at any point year after year.
What Me
Worry? – same result as the above, this
Board doesn’t give a thought to budgeting at all, and the governing docs
require an automatic duplication of the prior year’s budget, year after year
after year.
Planning
to Fail – the Board deliberately
plans on imposing special assessments rather than raising rates, resulting in
the loss of a lifeline when a true emergency emerges.
Rebound – a new Board comes in and does a dramatic decrease,
only to discover disaster and have the rates bounce back the following year,
plus some to cover up for the short-sight.
Machine
Gun Kelly – rates are all over the place with
the reapplication of zero-line budgeting year after year, rather than doing
zero-line once followed by historical budgeting from then on.
Slash ‘n
Burn - cut all services in the name
of reducing rates, with the consequence of deferred maintenance that costs
twice as much to address in following years.
It’s always more cost effective to maintain annually than to permit
deterioration that requires capital outlays several years down the line, to say
nothing of the damage to the community’s reputation with sales agent.
Value
Added - appropriate inflationary
increases to match vendor costs due to things such as oil prices, plus
proactive planning for improvements.
Definitely the only attitude permitted under the Board’s fiduciary duty
to the community.
Earlier this year the federal
case Colony Beach & Tennis Club Association, Inc. concluded
that a condominium association could not avoid its obligation to maintain
common elements by refusing to vote to impose special assessments necessary to
fund repairs. Combine this with
homeowners who now more than ever are inclined to sue, with the Association’s
insurance provider refusing to defend the Board, and voilà a ready-made court-ordered
assessment far more costly than if the Board had done its job.
Associations doing their job had funds in hand during the economic
downturn to take advantage of deep discounts for capital improvement
projects. Those who failed to save, or
had not maintained their communities prior to the downturn, were left
scrambling. They lost opportunities to
differentiate their community from others when it came to attracting new
homeowners taking advantage of suppressed housing market prices.
Prospective buyers are savvier
than before the economic crisis, many looking at budgets and reserves more closely
when deciding desirability. Communities with
deteriorated common areas, or that have had to special assess, will turn away
quality homeowners, and only attract the types of buyers who contribute to a
downward spiral. Bottom line...how a community's board chooses to handle the
budget drives the value of of the community.